Bone grafting is a surgical procedure designed to augment or stimulate bone healing by transplanting bone tissue from one area of the body (autograft) or a donor source (allograft or synthetic material) to another. This technique is commonly employed in orthopedic and dental surgeries to treat fractures, non-unions, and bone defects. The graft serves as a scaffold, providing a framework for new bone formation and promoting the integration of host and donor tissues.